System Architecture
Key Benefits
- Breaks channel reciprocity for enhanced security
- Supports multiple non-aligned beam directions
- Prevents eavesdropping through signal suppression
- Outperforms R-BD-RIS and D-RIS in sum-rate
- Enables secure full-duplex wireless functionality
- Provides real-time interference management
Algorithm Flow
Initialize Φ, P, W
→
Update ι (auxiliary)
→
Update τ (auxiliary)
→
Update P (precoders)
→
Update W (combiners)
→
Update Φ (via PDD)
→
Check Convergence
→
Output Solution
Performance Statistics
<10
BCD Iterations
<80
PDD Iterations
32
Typical RIS Elements
20
Transmit Power (dBm)
System Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Transmit Power | 20 dBm | Per FD user |
| Noise Power | -80 dBm | Background noise |
| Path-loss (RIS) | ζ₀=-30dB, ε=2.2 | Via RIS channel |
| Path-loss (Direct) | ε=3.3 | Direct channel |
| Rician Factor | κ=5 | Channel fading |
| RIS Elements | 8-56 (M=32) | Reflecting elements |
Optimization Mathematics
| Matrix | Definition | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| A | ∑αₖ|τₖ|²H*ᵣₑf,ₖwₖwₖᴴH⊤ᵣₑf,ₖ | User interference |
| B | ∑Hᵣₑf,ᵢ₋₁pᵢpᵢᴴHᴴᵣₑf,ᵢ₋₁ | Precoder interference |
| C₁ | ∑αₖ√(1+ιₖ)τₖ*Hᵣₑf,ₖ₋₁pₖwₖᴴH⊤ᵣₑf,ₖ | Signal enhancement |
| Δ | Kᴴ_gRᴴ_g[A⊤⊗B]RgKg + 1/(2ρ)KᴴgKg | Optimization matrix |
Performance Comparison
Security Features
One-way communication enforcement
Multi-user interference suppression
Eavesdropping prevention mechanisms
Real-time threat detection
Physical layer security protocols
Computational Complexity
Total: O(I_BCD × G × I_outer × I_inner × M_g² × M⁴)
BCD Framework: O(K²M²) per iteration
Precoder Update: O(K(M² + I_b N³))
Combiner Update: O(KN³)
PDD Method: O(GM_g²M⁴) (most intensive)